Radiation burns, also known as radiation dermatitis, are injuries to the skin and underlying tissues caused by exposure to high levels of ionizing radiation. This type of burn can range from mild redness and irritation to severe ulceration and necrosis, depending on the radiation dose, duration of exposure, and individual sensitivity. Radiation burns most commonly occur as a side effect of radiation therapy used in cancer treatment but can also result from accidental exposure to radioactive materials or equipment. The skin damage from radiation is caused by the destruction of skin cells and blood vessels, leading to inflammation, pain, and reduced healing capacity. Treatment for radiation burns focuses on managing symptoms, preventing infection, and promoting healing. Mild cases are usually treated with topical steroids to reduce inflammation, moisturizing creams to maintain skin hydration, and gentle cleansing to prevent infection. More severe burns may require specialized wound care, including dressings that promote moisture balance and protect the area from further damage. Pain management is essential and may involve the use of analgesics or other medications. In cases where there is extensive tissue damage, surgical intervention, such as skin grafting, may be necessary to promote recovery. Protecting the skin from further radiation exposure and irritants is crucial, as is maintaining good nutrition and overall health to support the body's healing processes. Close monitoring by healthcare professionals is important to ensure optimal recovery and to address any complications that may arise.
